Frank Sinatra Lodge # 2621

B.C. 200,000 First traces of human life in the peninsula 60,000 Middle Palaeolithic period; Neanderthal humans 30,000 Upper Palaeolithic period; first humans in Sicily 10,000 Cro-Magnon human life  5000  Mesolithic period  3500-2500 Neolithic period  2000-1800 Copper Age; Palafitte culture  1800-1000 Bronze Age; Terramare and Apennine cultures  1400  Mycenaean traders in Sicily  800  Iron Age; Villanovan cultures; Greek settlement in Sicily and the south  753  Foundation of Rome by Romulus  753-617  First four Roman monarchs  700  Beginning of Etruscan period  524  Battle of Cumae; Greeks halt Etruscan expansion to the south  509  Beginning of the Roman republic; Roman domination of Latium  500  Etruscan expansion in northern Italy  451-450  Twelve tables of law published in Rome  433  Temple of Apollo  350  Felsina taken by the Romans 334-264 Roman conquest and colonisation of Italy 312 Via Appia and Aqua Appia 289 Roman mint established 289-275 Roman war with Pyrrhus 265 Volsinii captured by the Romans; end of Etruscan period 241 Sicily made first Roman province 238 Provinces of Sardinia and Corsica 200-197 Second Macedonian war 172-168 Third Macedonian war 149-146 Third Punic war; destruction of Carthage 136-132 First slave war in Sicily 120 Temple of Fortuna in Praeneste 101 Defeat of Germanic invasion 73-71 Spartacus in revolt 49-44 Julius Caesar dictator     A.D. 27 BC-AD 68 Julio-Claudian emperors 43 Britain occupied 64 Fire of Rome 79 Vesuvius erupts; Colosseum completed 117-193 Antonine emperors 122-142 Hadrian’s Wall built in Britain 128 Rebuilding of Pantheon completed 134 Hadrian’s Villa at Tivoli completed 167 Barbarians invade Dacia 219 Caracalla’s Baths built 271 Aurelius builds walls around Rome 303-305 Persecution of Christians 313 Freedom of worship for Christians 315 Constantine’s Arch built in Rome 324-337 Constantine sole emperor 376 Goths permitted to settle in empire 395 Final East-West division of empire; Visigoths invade Greece 476 Last western emperor, Romulus Augustulus, deposed; Odoacer becomes king of Italy 490 Theodoric invades Italy 490-552 Ostrogothic kingdom of Italy 526 Death of Theodoric 535-540 Byzantine reconquest 568-774 Lombard kingdom of Italy 700-720 Monasteries built at Farfa, San Vincenzo and Montecassino 754 Pepin III invades Italy 773-774 Charlemagne conquers Italy 827 Arab invasion of Sicily 839-849 Civil war in Benevento 855-875 Louis 11 emperor 899 First Hungarian invasion 902 Arabs complete capture of Sicily 962-973 Otto I first German emperor 1034 Aversa granted to Normans by the duke of Naples 1061-91 Norman conquest of Sicily 1071 Normans capture Bari; end of Byzantine rule 1072 Normans take Palermo 1075 Normans capture Salerno 1081 Henry IV invades Italy 1082 Florence goes to war against Siena 1111 Henry V crowned emperor 1135 Amalfi sacked by Pisa 1147-49 Second Crusade 1155 Rome under Interdict; Frederick Barbarossa crowned emperor 1162 Milan burned by Barbarossa 1176 Barbarossa defeated by Lombard League at Legnano 1190 Barbarossa dies on Third Crusade 1191-96 Henry VI emperor 1194 Henry VI conquers Sicily 1198 Frederick II becomes king of Sicily 1204 Sack of Constantinople on Fourth Crusade 1216 Dominican Order founded 1220 Frederick II crowned emperor 1223 Franciscan Order founded 1237 Lombard League defeated by Frederick II at Cortenuova 1250 Death of Frederick II 1252 First European gold coins minted in Florence 1282 Revolt of Sicilian Vespers 1294 Battle of Meloria, Genoa defeats Pisa 1296 Building of Florentine Duomo begins 1298 Marco Polo returns to Venice